Diabetes mellitus and smoking: how both can affect the prevalence of peri-implantitis - a literature review

Abstract

Titanium implants have become more common since the 1960s, when Branemark's research demonstrated the process of osseointegration. They support dentures in edentulous areas and represent a safe and effective method of oral rehabilitation. However, more than carrying out the installation of implants, care must be taken to maintain them in the long term. For the implant to have stability, it is necessary that the osseointegration process occurs free of inflammation. However, there are some biological complications that affect osseointegrated implants, known as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. The objective of this work is to review the current literature to understand how diabetes mellitus and smoking can affect the prevalence of peri-implantitis.